[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"categories-en":3,"dest-6827e6a56423":144,"detail-extra-98":168,"travel-countries-en":271},[4,9,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49,54,59,64,69,74,79,84,89,94,99,104,109,114,119,124,129,134,139],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"color":8},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":10,"slug":11,"name":12,"color":13},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":15,"slug":16,"name":17,"color":18},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":20,"slug":21,"name":22,"color":23},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":25,"slug":26,"name":27,"color":28},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":30,"slug":31,"name":32,"color":33},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":35,"slug":36,"name":37,"color":38},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"color":43},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":45,"slug":46,"name":47,"color":48},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":50,"slug":51,"name":52,"color":53},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":55,"slug":56,"name":57,"color":58},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":60,"slug":61,"name":62,"color":63},26,"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":65,"slug":66,"name":67,"color":68},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":70,"slug":71,"name":72,"color":73},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":75,"slug":76,"name":77,"color":78},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":80,"slug":81,"name":82,"color":83},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":85,"slug":86,"name":87,"color":88},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":90,"slug":91,"name":92,"color":93},1,"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":95,"slug":96,"name":97,"color":98},2,"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":100,"slug":101,"name":102,"color":103},3,"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":105,"slug":106,"name":107,"color":108},4,"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":110,"slug":111,"name":112,"color":113},5,"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":115,"slug":116,"name":117,"color":118},6,"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":120,"slug":121,"name":122,"color":123},7,"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":125,"slug":126,"name":127,"color":128},8,"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":130,"slug":131,"name":132,"color":133},12,"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":135,"slug":136,"name":137,"color":138},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":140,"slug":141,"name":142,"color":143},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"id":145,"publicId":146,"slug":147,"name":148,"shortDescription":149,"categoryId":105,"importance":100,"lng":150,"lat":151,"coverImageUrl":152,"country":153,"region":148,"ratingAvg":154,"ratingCount":154,"sensitivity":154,"distanceM":-1,"kind":155,"cityGuideId":156,"description":157,"countryCode":158,"adminArea":156,"elevationM":159,"bestMonths":160,"tips":162,"howToGetThere":156,"youtubeIds":163,"timezone":167,"cityGuideSlug":156,"cityGuidePublicId":156,"cityGuideName":156,"poiTheme":156,"poiNeighborhood":156},98,"6827e6a56423","cotopaxi","Cotopaxi","An almost perfectly symmetrical glacier cone rising to 5,897 metres above the Ecuadorian highlands, still active, climbed from a refuge across páramo grazed by horses.",-78.4378,-0.6806,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fcover.webp","Ecuador",0,"nature",null,"Cotopaxi is an almost perfectly symmetrical cone standing 5,897 metres over the Ecuadorian highlands, an hour south of Quito, and the glacier that gives it that shape is also the dangerous part. Lava is not the problem here. When magma heats the summit the ice can melt within hours and come down the valleys as lahars, fast slurries of mud and rock that travel far beyond any lava. That is what happened in 1877, and tens of thousands now live along those same paths, around Latacunga and out toward Quito, so the mountain is watched constantly and evacuation routes are marked. At its feet the ground is páramo, the cold tussock grassland of the high Andes, gold in low light and dotted with spiky red chuquiraga. Herds of wild horses graze it and pay you almost no attention. A flat trail loops the glacier-fed Limpiopungo lagoon, where Andean gulls and ducks work the shallows. On a calm morning the cone stands doubled in the water, before the mountain wraps itself in its own cloud.\n\nThe José Ribas refuge sits at about 4,800 metres, reached by a steep path of loose volcanic sand that takes you up from a car park high on the flank. It is a short walk and a hard one: the air up there holds so little oxygen that you stop to breathe every few minutes. On a clear day the clouds are below you rather than overhead. That is as far as most people go. Summit parties leave the refuge around midnight, while the snow is still frozen hard and falling ice least likely. The rest of the night goes on crossing the glacier by headlamp, in crampons and roped to a guide, taking the last thousand metres slowly. They reach the top at first light, and it takes several days of acclimatising in the highlands beforehand to have a real chance. Andean peoples held this mountain holy long before the Inca arrived, reading its eruptions as omens. The valleys living in the path of the next one are farming the soil the last ones left.","EC",5897,[90,110,115,120,125,161,130],9,"months|**Two dry windows give the clearest cone** — June to September and December to January bring the steadiest skies, while the wetter months in between often keep the summit hidden behind cloud for days.\ntiming|**The cone hides itself by late morning** — Cotopaxi tends to wrap in its own cloud as the day warms, so the first hours after dawn give the best odds of seeing the whole peak.\naccess|**The park is an easy day trip from Quito** — it lies about 50 km south, and ordinary cars reach the lower trails, though the rough track up to the refuge parking wants higher clearance.\nsafety|**Acclimatise before you go high** — spend a few days around Quito first, and pack a windproof shell, warm layers and strong sun protection, because temperatures swing fast and the equatorial sun burns quickly at altitude.\nwildlife|**Scan the rocky cliffs for condors** — Andean condors ride the updrafts near the park's outcrops mostly at dawn and dusk, and are hardest to spot at midday when they soar too high to see.",[164,165,166],"pzI4EiGoO1U","BuYoNq8BnCw","rj0YG9TWfxs","America\u002FGuayaquil",{"gallery":169,"exps":186,"boxes":205,"seasons":216,"near":248,"peers":270},[170,172,175,178,181,184],{"url":152,"attribution":171},"Thomas Mastromonaco \u002F Pexels",{"url":173,"attribution":174},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fg0.webp","DΛVΞ GΛRCIΛ \u002F Pexels",{"url":176,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fg1.webp","Tom \u002F Pexels",{"url":179,"attribution":180},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fg2.webp","Alex Chasiguano \u002F Pexels",{"url":182,"attribution":183},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fg3.webp","Stephanie Frias \u002F Pexels",{"url":185,"attribution":180},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fg4.webp",[187,191,196,200],{"title":188,"description":189,"imageUrl":190,"attribution":180},"Ascend to the glacial summit","Climbs leave the José Ribas refuge at about 4,800 metres around midnight, while the snow is still frozen hard and the risk of falling ice is at its lowest. The rest of the night goes on crossing the glacier by headlamp, in crampons and roped to a guide, gaining the last thousand metres slowly because the air up here holds so little oxygen. Climbers reach the 5,897-metre summit at first light, and it takes several days of acclimatising in the highlands beforehand to have a real chance of getting there.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fe1.webp",{"title":192,"description":193,"imageUrl":194,"attribution":195},"Hike to the refuge in the paramo","A rough track climbs to a car park high on the volcano's flank, and from there a steep path of loose volcanic sand leads up to the José Ribas refuge at about 4,800 metres. The walk is short but hard, because the air at this height holds so little oxygen that most people stop to breathe every few minutes. The route crosses open páramo, the cold tussock grassland of the high Andes, and on clear days the clouds sit below you rather than overhead.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fe2.webp","Kleber M Ortiz \u002F Pexels",{"title":197,"description":198,"imageUrl":199,"attribution":174},"Share the páramo with wild horses","Herds of wild horses graze the open grassland at Cotopaxi's feet, calm around passing visitors. Move quietly across the tussock, gold in the low light and dotted with spiky red chuquiraga, and you can watch them against the snow cone.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fe3.webp",{"title":201,"description":202,"imageUrl":203,"attribution":204},"Circle the Limpiopungo lagoon","Follow the flat trail that loops the glacier-fed Limpiopungo lagoon, where Andean gulls and ducks work the shallows. On a calm morning the cone stands doubled in the water, and the level path makes it the park's gentlest walk.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F98\u002Fe4.webp","Mauricio Muñoz \u002F Unsplash",[206,211],{"boxType":207,"title":208,"body":209,"deepBody":210,"sourceNote":156},"did_you_know","The danger is the ice","Cotopaxi's real threat is not lava reaching far-off towns but the glacier itself — the ice that makes the peak so beautiful is what makes an eruption dangerous long distances downstream.","When magma heats the summit the ice can melt within hours and pour down the valleys as lahars — fast slurries of mud and rock. That is what struck in 1877, and today tens of thousands live in those paths around Latacunga and toward Quito, so Ecuador keeps sirens and marked evacuation routes ready and the volcano under constant watch.",{"boxType":212,"title":213,"body":214,"deepBody":215,"sourceNote":156},"culture","Worshipped before the Inca came","Andean peoples held Cotopaxi holy long before the Inca reached these highlands, reading its eruptions as omens rather than ordinary events of the earth.","The Inca later folded the volcano into their own beliefs, and some traditions tied it to rain and to the fertility of the fields below. Spanish chroniclers recorded the awe its eruptions inspired in the valleys — the same valleys that farm the rich soil those eruptions leave behind.",[217,223,228,233,237,243],{"phenomenon":218,"peakMonths":219,"note":220,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":222},"chapter_peak",[90,130],"December and January are the calm-wind window: guides post their highest summit-success rates now, and the glacier cone reveals itself at dawn before its own cloud builds. Afternoon showers still pass through, so summit bids leave the José Ribas refuge near midnight.",false,50,{"phenomenon":224,"peakMonths":225,"note":226,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":227},"chapter_quiet",[95,100,105],"The wettest stretch — March alone brings about 239 mm — so the cone stays wrapped in cloud for days and high snow turns unstable, the year's poorest summit odds. Nothing shuts, though: park, refuge and páramo boardwalks stay open over green, condor-flown grassland.",51,{"phenomenon":229,"peakMonths":230,"note":231,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":232},"chapter_edge",[110],"May dries out and the winds begin to rise. It is a shoulder month, the highlands tipping from the long rains toward the main climbing season: the cone shows itself more often, but the glacier is not yet at its firmest.",52,{"phenomenon":218,"peakMonths":234,"note":235,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":236},[115,120,125,161],"The main dry season: firm glacier snow and the clearest skies, when the full climbing season runs and August is the driest month of all. Strong winds are the trade-off — the real summit-killer here — so calm dawns are prized.",53,{"phenomenon":224,"peakMonths":238,"note":241,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":242},[239,240],10,11,"October and November turn wet and unpredictable up high, cloud swallowing the peak more often than not. Down in the páramo nothing closes — Limpiopungo fills and wild horses graze — but summit odds fade before December's calm returns.",54,{"phenomenon":244,"peakMonths":245,"note":246,"requiresDarkSky":221,"sortOrder":247},"baseline",[],"Cotopaxi's glacier cone and its rare ice on the equator stand over the high grassland every day of the year. The park and its refuge stay open in all seasons, though the volcano is active and can close the summit without warning.",99,[249,259],{"id":250,"publicId":251,"slug":252,"name":253,"shortDescription":254,"categoryId":95,"importance":100,"lng":255,"lat":256,"coverImageUrl":257,"country":153,"region":148,"ratingAvg":154,"ratingCount":154,"sensitivity":154,"distanceM":258,"kind":156,"cityGuideId":156},268,"43863f8a28a3","quilotoa","Quilotoa","An Ecuadorian crater three kilometres across holding water 250 metres deep that shifts turquoise to emerald, walked down to and kayaked on.",-78.903,-0.857,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F268\u002Fcover.webp",55333.06787759,{"id":260,"publicId":261,"slug":262,"name":263,"shortDescription":264,"categoryId":105,"importance":100,"lng":265,"lat":266,"coverImageUrl":267,"country":153,"region":268,"ratingAvg":154,"ratingCount":154,"sensitivity":154,"distanceM":269,"kind":156,"cityGuideId":156},872,"7416712eb934","chimborazo","Chimborazo","An Ecuadorian volcano whose glaciated summit, lifted by the equatorial bulge, is the point on Earth's surface farthest from the planet's centre.",-78.8175,-1.4689,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F872\u002Fcover.webp","Chimborazo 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