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The caldera, Las Cañadas, is the collapsed shell of an older and taller mountain. Its floor of red and ochre lava, cinder cones and wind-cut towers is so like Mars that space agencies drive their rovers over it before launch. Climbing Teide takes you out of the weather. A cable car lifts you from 2,356 metres to 3,555 in about eight minutes, breaking through the trade-wind cloud into sunlight above a white sea. Only a couple of hundred people a day are let onto the last stretch to the crater rim, so the top is nearly empty, and up there the ground steams faintly with sulphur under your boots. The neighbouring islands stand out of the cloud below you.\n\nDown on the caldera floor the Roques de García stand in a row, cut by wind; the slenderest, Roque Cinchado, leans with the cone behind it in the most photographed view on Tenerife. In late spring the grey floor flushes red with tajinaste, which grows on this island and no other. It spends two years or more as a rosette of silver leaves, throws up one three-metre spike of red flowers, sets seed and dies. To the Guanche, who had Tenerife before the Spanish, the mountain was Echeyde, hell, with a demon shut inside it; they read the pale plug of rock capping the summit as the seal. Late in the day the caldera walls deepen to copper and the mountain lays its own shadow across the plain as a triangle. Then the sky takes over: more than three hundred clear nights a year, and the Milky Way standing over the caldera. The observatory on the ridge is up here for the same reason the cable car is — above that cloud, the air hardly ever closes.","ES",3715,[100,105,110,115,120,125,162,163,164],9,10,11,"permit|**Apply online for the free summit permit weeks ahead** — only a limited number reach the crater rim each day, and slots for the Telesforo Bravo trail vanish long before you arrive.\nsky|**Come up after dark for the observatory-grade sky** — with the cable car closed you drive, so plan for a late return; the galactic core stands highest from spring to autumn.\nsafety|**Dress for winter even in August** — at 3,555 metres the air is thin and far colder than the coast, and the summit trail can turn icy or close after snow.\ncrowds|**The last cable car up beats the tour buses** — most coaches arrive mid-morning, so a first or late ride finds the Roques de García loop and viewpoints almost empty.\nmonths|**For the red tajinaste, aim for mid-May into early June** — Tenerife's flower spikes bloom only once, then die, so the window is short and shifts a week or two each year.",[167,168],"4t1j6IBD9pk","f4dv2zbmBas","Atlantic\u002FCanary",{"gallery":171,"exps":188,"boxes":207,"seasons":223,"near":262,"peers":263},[172,174,177,180,182,185],{"url":152,"attribution":173},"Hans \u002F Pixabay",{"url":175,"attribution":176},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fg0.webp","Harald Pippert \u002F Pexels",{"url":178,"attribution":179},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fg1.webp","Raul Ling \u002F Pexels",{"url":181,"attribution":179},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fg2.webp",{"url":183,"attribution":184},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fg3.webp","Adam Krypel \u002F Pexels",{"url":186,"attribution":187},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fg4.webp","Benni Fish \u002F Pexels",[189,194,199,204],{"title":190,"description":191,"imageUrl":192,"attribution":193},"Climb the Telesforo Bravo trail to the crater","A cable car lifts you from 2,356 metres to the La Rambleta station in about eight minutes, past twisted lava into thin bright air. From there a steep permit-only path switchbacks the final stretch to the crater rim at 3,715 metres, the highest point in Spain. The permit is free but capped at a couple of hundred people a day and books out weeks ahead. At the top the ground still steams faintly with sulphur.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fe2.webp","Boris Busorgin \u002F Unsplash",{"title":195,"description":196,"imageUrl":197,"attribution":198},"Loop the rock towers of Roques de García","Walk the circular trail beneath these wind-sculpted pillars, where the slender Roque Cinchado leans against the distant cone of Teide in Tenerife's most photographed view. The layered, twisted rock underfoot records one eruption stacked on another.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fe3.webp","Lukas Medvedevas \u002F Pexels",{"title":200,"description":201,"imageUrl":202,"attribution":203},"Catch the caldera at golden hour","As the sun drops, the red-and-ochre lava walls of Las Cañadas deepen to burning copper and the shadow of Teide stretches across the plain. On many evenings the sea of clouds below turns pink, and the peak seems to float above it.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F231\u002Fe5.webp","Mike Marchetti \u002F Pexels",{"title":205,"description":206,"imageUrl":157,"attribution":157},"Trace the Milky Way over the Teide Observatory","Under one of Europe's darkest skies, with more than 300 clear nights a year, the stars come out in numbers you never see from a city. From spring to autumn the bright core of the Milky Way arcs over the caldera, the same sky the Teide Observatory was built to study.",[208,213,218],{"boxType":209,"title":210,"body":211,"deepBody":212,"sourceNote":157},"did_you_know","Rehearsing for Mars","The park's red, wind-blasted rock is such a good stand-in for Mars that space agencies bring their rovers here to practise before launch.","In 2010 a team tested the Raman spectrometer later flown on ESA's ExoMars; in 2017 ESA drove planetary rovers through the Las Minas de San José lava field, and instruments bound for NASA's Perseverance were trialled here too. The same lunar-looking terrain has doubled for prehistoric and alien worlds in films from One Million Years B.C. to Clash of the Titans.",{"boxType":214,"title":215,"body":216,"deepBody":217,"sourceNote":157},"legend","Guayota's prison","The Guanche, Tenerife's people before the Spanish, called the volcano Echeyde — hell — and believed a demon named Guayota lived inside it.","In the legend Guayota kidnapped Magec, the god of light, and dragged him into Teide, plunging the world into darkness. The supreme god Achamán forced the demon to free him and sealed the crater with a plug. The Guanche saw that plug in the pale cone of hardened rock still capping the summit today.",{"boxType":219,"title":220,"body":221,"deepBody":222,"sourceNote":157},"wildlife","The flower that blooms once","The tajinaste builds for two or more years as a rosette of narrow silvery leaves, then shoots up a single three-metre red spike in one spring, sets seed and dies.","Packed with thousands of tiny flowers, that spike becomes the main summer food source for the park's bees and native insects. Reaching up to three metres, the plant is a classic example of island gigantism, where isolated species evolve far larger than their mainland relatives.",[224,229,234,239,244,249,253,257],{"phenomenon":225,"peakMonths":226,"note":227,"requiresDarkSky":228,"sortOrder":90},"milkyway",[105,110,115,120,125,162],"With over 300 clear nights a year and a certified Starlight Reserve sky, the Milky Way's core shows to the naked eye above the peak.",true,{"phenomenon":230,"peakMonths":231,"note":232,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":95},"wildflower",[110,115],"In late spring the grey caldera flushes red with tajinaste, a three-metre flower spike that grows only on Tenerife.",false,{"phenomenon":235,"peakMonths":236,"note":237,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":238},"chapter_quiet",[90,95,130],"The caldera is at its coldest, averaging around 5°C at Izaña. Snow can dust the lava and shut the TF-21 and TF-24 access roads and the cable car for days. Nights are long and dark, but the Milky Way's core has not yet risen.",50,{"phenomenon":240,"peakMonths":241,"note":242,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":243},"chapter_edge",[100,105],"Winter loosens its grip: days warm, the cable car's hours lengthen from late March, and the Milky Way's core returns low in the pre-dawn sky. The tajinaste is not out yet, and a late-March snowfall can still close the roads.",51,{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":246,"note":247,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":248},"chapter_peak",[110,115],"The tajinaste bloom peaks from mid-May into early June. Nights are dark and mild, with the Milky Way's core now climbing after midnight.",52,{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":250,"note":251,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":252},[120,125,162],"High summer is the park at its fullest: skies at their driest and clearest, the cable car on its longest hours, and the trade-wind sea of clouds most reliable below the peak. The Milky Way's core rides highest — the prime stargazing window.",53,{"phenomenon":240,"peakMonths":254,"note":255,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":256},[163,164],"The flowering season is long over, and the Milky Way's core now sets low in the western dusk. The cable car's hours shorten through October. The first Atlantic fronts return, rain grows more frequent, and early snow can dust the summit before winter proper.",54,{"phenomenon":258,"peakMonths":259,"note":260,"requiresDarkSky":233,"sortOrder":261},"baseline",[],"Teide floats above a sea of cloud year-round; late-spring tajinaste blooms and dark, clear nights are the seasonal peaks, and winter can bury the caldera in 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